django rest framework之请求与响应(详解)

from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer


@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def snippet_list(request):
 """
 List all code snippets, or create a new snippet.
 """
 if request.method == 'GET':
  snippets = Snippet.objects.all()
  serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippets, many=True)
  return Response(serializer.data)

 elif request.method == 'POST':
  serializer = SnippetSerializer(data=request.data)
  if serializer.is_valid():
   serializer.save()
   return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
  return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13px">data = JSONParser().parse(request) 
serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippet, data=data) 
</SPAN> 

<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13px">serializer = SnippetSerializer(data=request.data) 
</SPAN> 

<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13px">return JsonResponse(serializer.data, status=201) 
</SPAN> 

<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13px">return Response(serializer.data,status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) 
</SPAN> 

@api_view(['GET', 'PUT', 'DELETE'])
def snippet_detail(request, pk):
 """
 Retrieve, update or delete a code snippet.
 """
 try:
  snippet = Snippet.objects.get(pk=pk)
 except Snippet.DoesNotExist:
  return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

 if request.method == 'GET':
  serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippet)
  return Response(serializer.data)

 elif request.method == 'PUT':
  serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippet, data=request.data)
  if serializer.is_valid():
   serializer.save()
   return Response(serializer.data)
  return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

 elif request.method == 'DELETE':
  snippet.delete()
  return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

def snippet_list(request, format=None): 

def snippet_detail(request, pk, format=None): 

from django.conf.urls import url
from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns
from snippets import views

urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^snippets/$', views.snippet_list),
 url(r'^snippets/("color: #ff0000">七、How's it looking"htmlcode">

http http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets/

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...
[
 {
 "id": 1,
 "title": "",
 "code": "foo = \"bar\"\n",
 "linenos": false,
 "language": "python",
 "style": "friendly"
 },
 {
 "id": 2,
 "title": "",
 "code": "print \"hello, world\"\n",
 "linenos": false,
 "language": "python",
 "style": "friendly"
 }
]


We can control the format of the response that we get back, either by using the Accept header:


<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13px">http http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets/ Accept:application/json # Request JSON 
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets/ Accept:text/html   # Request HTML</SPAN> 



Or by appending a format suffix:


<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 13px">http http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets.json # JSON suffix 
http http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets.api # Browsable API suffix</SPAN> 



Similarly, we can control the format of the request that we send, using the Content-Type header.




# POST using form data
http --form POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets/ code="print 123"

{
 "id": 3,
 "title": "",
 "code": "print 123",
 "linenos": false,
 "language": "python",
 "style": "friendly"
}

# POST using JSON
http --json POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets/ code="print 456"

{
 "id": 4,
 "title": "",
 "code": "print 456",
 "linenos": false,
 "language": "python",
 "style": "friendly"
}


If you add a --debug switch to the http requests above, you will be able to see the request type in request headers.
Now go and open the API in a web browser, by visiting http://127.0.0.1:8000/snippets/.
Browsability
Because the API chooses the content type of the response based on the client request, it will, by default, return an HTML-formatted representation of the resource when that resource is requested by a web browser. This allows for the API to return a fully web-browsable HTML representation.
Having a web-browsable API is a huge usability win, and makes developing and using your API much easier. It also dramatically lowers the barrier-to-entry for other developers wanting to inspect and work with your API.
See the browsable api topic for more information about the browsable API feature and how to customize it.
浏览功能(中文)
由于API根据客户端请求选择响应的内容类型，因此默认情况下，当Web浏览器请求资源时，将返回HTML格式的资源表示形式。这允许API返回完全的可浏览网页的HTML表示。
拥有一个可浏览网页的API是一个巨大的可用性胜利，并且使开发和使用您的API更容易。它也大大降低了想要检查和使用您的API的其他开发人员的入门障碍。
有关可浏览的API功能以及如何对其进行定制的更多信息，请参阅可浏览的api主题。


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