Python使用微信SDK实现的微信支付功能示例

#coding:utf-8
"""
Created on 2014-11-24
@author: http://blog.csdn.net/yueguanghaidao
 * 微信支付帮助库
 * ====================================================
 * 接口分三种类型：
 * 【请求型接口】--Wxpay_client_
 *   统一支付接口类--UnifiedOrder
 *   订单查询接口--OrderQuery
 *   退款申请接口--Refund
 *   退款查询接口--RefundQuery
 *   对账单接口--DownloadBill
 *   短链接转换接口--ShortUrl
 * 【响应型接口】--Wxpay_server_
 *   通用通知接口--Notify
 *   Native支付——请求商家获取商品信息接口--NativeCall
 * 【其他】
 *   静态链接二维码--NativeLink
 *   JSAPI支付--JsApi
 * =====================================================
 * 【CommonUtil】常用工具：
 *   trimString()，设置参数时需要用到的字符处理函数
 *   createNoncestr()，产生随机字符串，不长于32位
 *   formatBizQueryParaMap(),格式化参数，签名过程需要用到
 *   getSign(),生成签名
 *   arrayToXml(),array转xml
 *   xmlToArray(),xml转 array
 *   postXmlCurl(),以post方式提交xml到对应的接口url
 *   postXmlSSLCurl(),使用证书，以post方式提交xml到对应的接口url
"""
import json
import time
import random
import urllib2
import hashlib
import threading
from urllib import quote
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
try:
  import pycurl
  from cStringIO import StringIO
except ImportError:
  pycurl = None
class WxPayConf_pub(object):
  """配置账号信息"""
  #=======【基本信息设置】=====================================
  #微信公众号身份的唯一标识。审核通过后，在微信发送的邮件中查看
  APPID = "wx8888888888888888"
  #JSAPI接口中获取openid，审核后在公众平台开启开发模式后可查看
  APPSECRET = "48888888888888888888888888888887"
  #受理商ID，身份标识
  MCHID = "18888887"
  #商户支付密钥Key。审核通过后，在微信发送的邮件中查看
  KEY = "48888888888888888888888888888886"
  #=======【异步通知url设置】===================================
  #异步通知url，商户根据实际开发过程设定
  NOTIFY_URL = "http://******.com/payback"
  #=======【JSAPI路径设置】===================================
  #获取access_token过程中的跳转uri，通过跳转将code传入jsapi支付页面
  JS_API_CALL_URL = "http://******.com/pay/"
  #=======【证书路径设置】=====================================
  #证书路径,注意应该填写绝对路径
  SSLCERT_PATH = "/******/cacert/apiclient_cert.pem"
  SSLKEY_PATH = "/******/cacert/apiclient_key.pem"
  #=======【curl超时设置】===================================
  CURL_TIMEOUT = 30
  #=======【HTTP客户端设置】===================================
  HTTP_CLIENT = "CURL" # ("URLLIB", "CURL")
class Singleton(object):
  """单例模式"""
  _instance_lock = threading.Lock()
  def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
    if not hasattr(cls, "_instance"):
      with cls._instance_lock:
        if not hasattr(cls, "_instance"):
          impl = cls.configure() if hasattr(cls, "configure") else cls
          instance = super(Singleton, cls).__new__(impl, *args, **kwargs)
          instance.__init__(*args, **kwargs)
          cls._instance = instance
    return cls._instance
class UrllibClient(object):
  """使用urlib2发送请求"""
  def get(self, url, second=30):
    return self.postXml(None, url, second)
  def postXml(self, xml, url, second=30):
    """不使用证书"""
    data = urllib2.urlopen(url, xml, timeout=second).read()
    return data
  def postXmlSSL(self, xml, url, second=30):
    """使用证书"""
    raise TypeError("please use CurlClient")
class CurlClient(object):
  """使用Curl发送请求"""
  def __init__(self):
    self.curl = pycurl.Curl()
    self.curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, False)
    self.curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, False)
    #设置不输出header
    self.curl.setopt(pycurl.HEADER, False)
  def get(self, url, second=30):
    return self.postXmlSSL(None, url, second=second, cert=False, post=False)
  def postXml(self, xml, url, second=30):
    """不使用证书"""
    return self.postXmlSSL(xml, url, second=second, cert=False, post=True)
  def postXmlSSL(self, xml, url, second=30, cert=True, post=True):
    """使用证书"""
    self.curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, url)
    self.curl.setopt(pycurl.TIMEOUT, second)
    #设置证书
    #使用证书：cert 与 key 分别属于两个.pem文件
    #默认格式为PEM，可以注释
    if cert:
      self.curl.setopt(pycurl.SSLKEYTYPE, "PEM")
      self.curl.setopt(pycurl.SSLKEY, WxPayConf_pub.SSLKEY_PATH)
      self.curl.setopt(pycurl.SSLCERTTYPE, "PEM")
      self.curl.setopt(pycurl.SSLCERT, WxPayConf_pub.SSLKEY_PATH)
    #post提交方式
    if post:
      self.curl.setopt(pycurl.POST, True)
      self.curl.setopt(pycurl.POSTFIELDS, xml)
    buff = StringIO()
    self.curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, buff.write)
    self.curl.perform()
    return buff.getvalue()
class HttpClient(Singleton):
  @classmethod
  def configure(cls):
    if pycurl is not None and WxPayConf_pub.HTTP_CLIENT != "URLLIB":
      return CurlClient
    else:
      return UrllibClient
class Common_util_pub(object):
  """所有接口的基类"""
  def trimString(self, value):
    if value is not None and len(value) == 0:
      value = None
    return value
  def createNoncestr(self, length = 32):
    """产生随机字符串，不长于32位"""
    chars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"
    strs = []
    for x in range(length):
      strs.append(chars[random.randrange(0, len(chars))])
    return "".join(strs)
  def formatBizQueryParaMap(self, paraMap, urlencode):
    """格式化参数，签名过程需要使用"""
    slist = sorted(paraMap)
    buff = []
    for k in slist:
      v = quote(paraMap[k]) if urlencode else paraMap[k]
      buff.append("{0}={1}".format(k, v))
    return "&".join(buff)
  def getSign(self, obj):
    """生成签名"""
    #签名步骤一：按字典序排序参数,formatBizQueryParaMap已做
    String = self.formatBizQueryParaMap(obj, False)
    #签名步骤二：在string后加入KEY
    String = "{0}&key={1}".format(String,WxPayConf_pub.KEY)
    #签名步骤三：MD5加密
    String = hashlib.md5(String).hexdigest()
    #签名步骤四：所有字符转为大写
    result_ = String.upper()
    return result_
  def arrayToXml(self, arr):
    """array转xml"""
    xml = ["<xml>"]
    for k, v in arr.iteritems():
      if v.isdigit():
        xml.append("<{0}>{1}</{0}>".format(k, v))
      else:
        xml.append("<{0}><![CDATA[{1}]]></{0}>".format(k, v))
    xml.append("</xml>")
    return "".join(xml)
  def xmlToArray(self, xml):
    """将xml转为array"""
    array_data = {}
    root = ET.fromstring(xml)
    for child in root:
      value = child.text
      array_data[child.tag] = value
    return array_data
  def postXmlCurl(self, xml, url, second=30):
    """以post方式提交xml到对应的接口url"""
    return HttpClient().postXml(xml, url, second=second)
  def postXmlSSLCurl(self, xml, url, second=30):
    """使用证书，以post方式提交xml到对应的接口url"""
    return HttpClient().postXmlSSL(xml, url, second=second)
class JsApi_pub(Common_util_pub):
  """JSAPI支付——H5网页端调起支付接口"""
  code = None  #code码，用以获取openid
  openid = None #用户的openid
  parameters = None #jsapi参数，格式为json
  prepay_id = None #使用统一支付接口得到的预支付id
  curl_timeout = None #curl超时时间
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
  def createOauthUrlForCode(self, redirectUrl):
    """生成可以获得code的url"""
    urlObj = {}
    urlObj["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID
    urlObj["redirect_uri"] = redirectUrl
    urlObj["response_type"] = "code"
    urlObj["scope"] = "snsapi_base"
    urlObj["state"] = "STATE#wechat_redirect"
    bizString = self.formatBizQueryParaMap(urlObj, False)
    return "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize"+bizString
  def createOauthUrlForOpenid(self):
    """生成可以获得openid的url"""
    urlObj = {}
    urlObj["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID
    urlObj["secret"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPSECRET
    urlObj["code"] = self.code
    urlObj["grant_type"] = "authorization_code"
    bizString = self.formatBizQueryParaMap(urlObj, False)
    return "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token"+bizString
  def getOpenid(self):
    """通过curl向微信提交code，以获取openid"""
    url = self.createOauthUrlForOpenid()
    data = HttpClient().get(url)
    self.openid = json.loads(data)["openid"]
    return self.openid
  def setPrepayId(self, prepayId):
    """设置prepay_id"""
    self.prepay_id = prepayId
  def setCode(self, code):
    """设置code"""
    self.code = code
  def getParameters(self):
    """设置jsapi的参数"""
    jsApiObj = {}
    jsApiObj["appId"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID
    timeStamp = int(time.time())
    jsApiObj["timeStamp"] = "{0}".format(timeStamp)
    jsApiObj["nonceStr"] = self.createNoncestr()
    jsApiObj["package"] = "prepay_id={0}".format(self.prepay_id)
    jsApiObj["signType"] = "MD5"
    jsApiObj["paySign"] = self.getSign(jsApiObj)
    self.parameters = json.dumps(jsApiObj)
    return self.parameters
class Wxpay_client_pub(Common_util_pub):
  """请求型接口的基类"""
  response = None #微信返回的响应
  url = None    #接口链接
  curl_timeout = None #curl超时时间
  def __init__(self):
    self.parameters = {} #请求参数，类型为关联数组
    self.result = {}   #返回参数，类型为关联数组
  def setParameter(self, parameter, parameterValue):
    """设置请求参数"""
    self.parameters[self.trimString(parameter)] = self.trimString(parameterValue)
  def createXml(self):
    """设置标配的请求参数，生成签名，生成接口参数xml"""
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID  #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID  #商户号
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr()  #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters)  #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
  def postXml(self):
    """post请求xml"""
    xml = self.createXml()
    self.response = self.postXmlCurl(xml, self.url, self.curl_timeout)
    return self.response
  def postXmlSSL(self):
    """使用证书post请求xml"""
    xml = self.createXml()
    self.response = self.postXmlSSLCurl(xml, self.url, self.curl_timeout)
    return self.response
  def getResult(self):
    """获取结果，默认不使用证书"""
    self.postXml()
    self.result = self.xmlToArray(self.response)
    return self.result
class UnifiedOrder_pub(Wxpay_client_pub):
  """统一支付接口类"""
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    #设置接口链接
    self.url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/unifiedorder"
    #设置curl超时时间
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
    super(UnifiedOrder_pub, self).__init__()
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    #检测必填参数
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("out_trade_no", "body", "total_fee", "notify_url", "trade_type")):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    if self.parameters["trade_type"] == "JSAPI" and self.parameters["openid"] is None:
      raise ValueError("JSAPI need openid parameters")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    self.parameters["spbill_create_ip"] = "127.0.0.1" #终端ip
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
  def getPrepayId(self):
    """获取prepay_id"""
    self.postXml()
    self.result = self.xmlToArray(self.response)
    prepay_id = self.result["prepay_id"]
    return prepay_id
class OrderQuery_pub(Wxpay_client_pub):
  """订单查询接口"""
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    #设置接口链接
    self.url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/orderquery"
    #设置curl超时时间
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
    super(OrderQuery_pub, self).__init__()
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    #检测必填参数
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("out_trade_no", "transaction_id")):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
class Refund_pub(Wxpay_client_pub):
  """退款申请接口"""
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    #设置接口链接
    self.url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/secapi/pay/refund"
    #设置curl超时时间
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
    super(Refund_pub, self).__init__()
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("out_trade_no", "out_refund_no", "total_fee", "refund_fee", "op_user_id")):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
  def getResult(self):
    """ 获取结果，使用证书通信(需要双向证书)"""
    self.postXmlSSL()
    self.result = self.xmlToArray(self.response)
    return self.result
class RefundQuery_pub(Wxpay_client_pub):
  """退款查询接口"""
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    #设置接口链接
    self.url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/refundquery"
    #设置curl超时时间
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
    super(RefundQuery_pub, self).__init__()
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("out_refund_no", "out_trade_no", "transaction_id", "refund_id")):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
  def getResult(self):
    """ 获取结果，使用证书通信(需要双向证书)"""
    self.postXmlSSL()
    self.result = self.xmlToArray(self.response)
    return self.result
class DownloadBill_pub(Wxpay_client_pub):
  """对账单接口"""
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    #设置接口链接
    self.url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/downloadbill"
    #设置curl超时时间
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
    super(DownloadBill_pub, self).__init__()
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("bill_date", )):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
  def getResult(self):
    """获取结果，默认不使用证书"""
    self.postXml()
    self.result = self.xmlToArray(self.response)
    return self.result
class ShortUrl_pub(Wxpay_client_pub):
  """短链接转换接口"""
  def __init__(self, timeout=WxPayConf_pub.CURL_TIMEOUT):
    #设置接口链接
    self.url = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/tools/shorturl"
    #设置curl超时时间
    self.curl_timeout = timeout
    super(ShortUrl_pub, self).__init__()
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("long_url", )):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.parameters)
  def getShortUrl(self):
    """获取prepay_id"""
    self.postXml()
    prepay_id = self.result["short_url"]
    return prepay_id
class Wxpay_server_pub(Common_util_pub):
  """响应型接口基类"""
  SUCCESS, FAIL = "SUCCESS", "FAIL"
  def __init__(self):
    self.data = {} #接收到的数据，类型为关联数组
    self.returnParameters = {} #返回参数，类型为关联数组
  def saveData(self, xml):
    """将微信的请求xml转换成关联数组，以方便数据处理"""
    self.data = self.xmlToArray(xml)
  def checkSign(self):
    """校验签名"""
    tmpData = dict(self.data) #make a copy to save sign
    del tmpData['sign']
    sign = self.getSign(tmpData) #本地签名
    if self.data['sign'] == sign:
      return True
    return False
  def getData(self):
    """获取微信的请求数据"""
    return self.data
  def setReturnParameter(self, parameter, parameterValue):
    """设置返回微信的xml数据"""
    self.returnParameters[self.trimString(parameter)] = self.trimString(parameterValue)
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    return self.arrayToXml(self.returnParameters)
  def returnXml(self):
    """将xml数据返回微信"""
    returnXml = self.createXml()
    return returnXml
class Notify_pub(Wxpay_server_pub):
  """通用通知接口"""
class NativeCall_pub(Wxpay_server_pub):
  """请求商家获取商品信息接口"""
  def createXml(self):
    """生成接口参数xml"""
    if self.returnParameters["return_code"] == self.SUCCESS:
      self.returnParameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
      self.returnParameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
      self.returnParameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
      self.returnParameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.returnParameters) #签名
    return self.arrayToXml(self.returnParameters)
  def getProductId(self):
    """获取product_id"""
    product_id = self.data["product_id"]
    return product_id
class NativeLink_pub(Common_util_pub):
  """静态链接二维码"""
  url = None #静态链接
  def __init__(self):
    self.parameters = {} #静态链接参数
  def setParameter(self, parameter, parameterValue):
    """设置参数"""
    self.parameters[self.trimString(parameter)] = self.trimString(parameterValue)
  def createLink(self):
    if any(self.parameters[key] is None for key in ("product_id", )):
      raise ValueError("missing parameter")
    self.parameters["appid"] = WxPayConf_pub.APPID #公众账号ID
    self.parameters["mch_id"] = WxPayConf_pub.MCHID #商户号
    time_stamp = int(time.time())
    self.parameters["time_stamp"] = "{0}".format(time_stamp) #时间戳
    self.parameters["nonce_str"] = self.createNoncestr() #随机字符串
    self.parameters["sign"] = self.getSign(self.parameters) #签名
    bizString = self.formatBizQueryParaMap(self.parameters, false)
    self.url = "weixin://wxpay/bizpayurl"+bizString
  def getUrl(self):
    """返回链接"""
    self.createLink()
    return self.url
def test():
  c = HttpClient()
  assert c.get("http://www.baidu.com")[:15] == "<!DOCTYPE html>"
  c2 = HttpClient()
  assert id(c) == id(c2)
if __name__ == "__main__":
  test()