mysql事件之修改事件（ALTER EVENT）、禁用事件（DISABLE）、启用事件（ENABLE）、事件重命名及数据库事件迁移操作详解
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/16 浏览：3 次 )
本文实例讲述了mysql事件之修改事件（ALTER EVENT）、禁用事件（DISABLE）、启用事件（ENABLE）、事件重命名及数据库事件迁移操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
我们要知道，MySQL允许我们更改现有事件的各种属性。如果我们要更改现有事件，可以使用ALTER EVENT语句，如下所示：
ALTER EVENT event_name ON SCHEDULE schedule ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE RENAME TO new_event_name ENABLE | DISABLE DO event_body
ALTER EVENT语句仅适用于存在的事件，如果我们尝试修改不存在的事件，MySQL将会发出一条错误消息，因此在更改事件之前，应先使用SHOW EVENTS语句检查事件的存在：
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb; +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+--------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+--------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | testdb | test_event_02 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+--------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ 1 row in set
创建一个每分钟将一条新记录插入到messages表中的示例事件来演示如何使用ALTER EVENT语句的各种功能：
USE testdb;
CREATE EVENT test_event_04
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 MINUTE
DO
INSERT INTO messages(message,created_at)
VALUES('Test ALTER EVENT statement',NOW());
我们来把事件修改为为每2分钟运行一次：
ALTER EVENT test_event_04 ON SCHEDULE EVERY 2 MINUTE;
我们还可以通过指定新的逻辑来更改事件的主体代码：
ALTER EVENT test_event_04
DO
INSERT INTO messages(message,created_at)
VALUES('Message from event',NOW());
-- 清空表中的数据
truncate messages;
修改完成后，可以等待2分钟，再次查看messages表：
mysql> SELECT * FROM messages; +----+--------------------+---------------------+ | id | message | created_at | +----+--------------------+---------------------+ | 1 | Message from event | 2017-08-03 04:46:47 | | 2 | Message from event | 2017-08-03 04:48:47 | +----+--------------------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set
我们可以在ALTER EVENT语句之后使用DISABLE关键字来禁用某个事件：
ALTER EVENT test_event_04 DISABLE;
我们也可以通过使用SHOW EVENTS语句来查看事件的状态：
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb; +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | testdb | test_event_02 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | | testdb | test_event_04 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ 2 rows in set
我们可以在ALTER EVENT语句之后使用ENABLE关键字来启用事件：
ALTER EVENT test_event_04 ENABLE;
查看下事件状态：
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb; +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | testdb | test_event_02 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | | testdb | test_event_04 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | ENABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ 2 rows in set
我们再来尝试使用ALTER EVENT重命名现有事件：
ALTER EVENT test_event_04 RENAME TO test_event_05;
来查看下事件状态：
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb; +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | testdb | test_event_02 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | | testdb | test_event_05 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | ENABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | +--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ 2 rows in set
完事再来通过使用RENAME TO子句将事件从一个数据库移动到另一个数据库中：
ALTER EVENT testdb.test_event_05 RENAME TO newdb.test_event_05;
再来查看事件状态：
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM newdb; +-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+---------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation | +-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+---------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ | newdb | test_event_05 | root@localhost | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | ENABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci | +-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+---------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+ 1 row in set
好啦，本次记录就到这里了。
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