部署维护docker环境的详细教程
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/16 浏览：3 次 )
1,安装环境说明
系统环境：centos6.6
服务应用了: haproxy confd etcd docker
主机名 ip 服务角色
dockerha-152 192.168.36.152 haproxy confd
dockerEtcd-153 192.168.36.153 etcd
dockermain-154 192.168.36.154 docker
2,安装依懒包，关闭冲突的服务
官方文档要求Linux kernel至少3.8以上，且docker只能运行在64位的系统中。由于RHEL6和CentOS6的内核版本为2.6，因此必须要先升级内核。
cd /etc/yum.repos.d wget http://www.hop5.in/yum/el6/hop5.repo yum install kernel-ml-aufs kernel-ml-aufs-devel -y
修改grub的主配置文件/etc/grub.conf，设置default=0，表示第一个title下的内容为默认启动的kernel（一般新安装的内核在第一个位置）。
然后重启，重启系统，这时候你的内核就成功升级了,版本应该在３.８以上了，
uname -r [root@dockermain-154 shell]# uname -r
3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/c\SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config setenforce 0
在Fedora EPEL源中已经提供了docker-io包，下载安装epel：
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm sed -i 's/^mirrorlist=https/mirrorlist=http/' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
3,安装组件
(1)haproxy confd
dockerha-152上操作
1、haproxy
# yum –y install haproxy
2、confd
# wget https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/releases/download/v0.6.3/confd-0.6.3-linux-amd64 # mv confd /usr/local/bin/confd # chmod +x /usr/local/bin/confd # /usr/local/bin/confd -version
(2)etcd
dockerEtcd-153上操作
# mkdir -p /home/install && cd /home/install # wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v0.4.6/etcd-v0.4.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz # tar -zxvf etcd-v0.4.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz # cd etcd-v0.4.6-linux-amd64 # cp etcd* /bin/ # /bin/etcd -version etcd version 0.4.6
(3)Docker
# yum -y install docker-io # service docker start # chkconfig docker on
4,docker命令使用
(1)查看帮助
docker COMMAND --help
(2)搜索可用的境像
docker search name 如示例：
[root@dockermain-154 src]# docker search centos NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED centos The official build of CentOS. 817 [OK] ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 30 [OK] tutum/centos Centos image with SSH access. For the root... 13 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php CentOS-6 6.5 x86_64 / Apache / PHP / PHP m... 8 [OK] blalor/centos Bare-bones base CentOS 6.5 image 8 [OK] jprjr/centos-php-fpm 6 [OK] steeef/graphite-centos CentOS 6.x with Graphite and Carbon via ng... 6 [OK] tutum/centos-6.4 DEPRECATED. Use tutum/centos:6.4 instead. ... 5 [OK] layerworx/centos A general CentOS 6 image with the EPEL6 an... 2 [OK] jr42/chef-solo-centos Official CentOS base images with current c... 1 [OK] million12/centos-supervisor Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h... 1 [OK] internavenue/centos-percona Centos-based Percona image. 1 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.5 x86_64 / EPEL Repo. / OpenSSH... 1 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh-mysql CentOS-6 6.5 x86_64 / MySQL. Image include... 1 [OK] yajo/centos-epel CentOS with EPEL and fully updated 1 [OK] nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif... 0 [OK] lighthopper/orientdb-centos A Dockerfile for creating an OrientDB imag... 0 [OK] bbrietzke/centos-starter CentOS 7 with EPEL and SupervisorD 0 [OK] tcnksm/centos-node Dockerfile for CentOS packaging node 0 [OK] insaneworks/centos CentOS 6.5 x86_64 + @update 0 [OK] snowyday/centos Provide for emacs and Ricty font on X11 en... 0 [OK] dmglab/centos CentOS with superpowers! 0 [OK] akroh/centos Centos 6 container that has been updated w... 0 [OK] timhughes/centos Centos with systemd installed and running 0 [OK] solict/provisionous-puppet-centos CentOS provisions with Puppet included 0 [OK]
(3)下载镜像
注意镜像名称要写全，就是用docker search name 搜出来的NAME列的名称。
docker pull name 如示例：
[root@dockermain-154 src]# docker pull jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php Pulling repository jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php ........ 62203f428b1f: Download complete e1812755a4ca: Download complete 0910edda3736: Download complete Status: Downloaded newer image for jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php:latest
(4)查看已安装的镜像
[root@dockermain-154 src]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos latest dade6cb4530a 10 days ago 210.1 MB jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php latest f1a489312a4a 3 months ago 297.7 MB
(5)docker容器中运行命令
docker run命令有两个参数，一个是镜像名，一个是要在镜像中运行的命令。 注意：IMAGE=REPOSITORY[:TAG]，如果IMAGE参数不指定镜像的TAG，默认TAG为latest。
[root@dockermain-154 run]# sudo docker run jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php echo 'hello world!' hello world! [root@dockermain-154 run]# sudo docker run jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php hostname db7e1d2269fb
(6)列出容器
查看最近生成的容器：docker ps -l
查看正在运行的容器：docker ps
[root@dockermain-154 run]# docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES db7e1d2269fb jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php:latest "hostname" 27 seconds ago Exited (0) 26 seconds ago adoring_babbage
(7)显示容器标准输出
[root@dockermain-154 run]# docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES db7e1d2269fb jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php:latest "hostname" 27 seconds ago Exited (0) 26 seconds ago adoring_babbage [root@dockermain-154 run]# docker logs db7e1d2269fb db7e1d2269fb
(8)给容器中安装程序或服务
[root@dockermain-154 run]# sudo docker run centos yum install -y httpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror ..........
Dependency Installed:
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 centos-logos.noarch 0:70.0.6-1.el7.centos httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-19.el7.centos mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7
Failed:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-19.el7.centos
Complete!
(9)保存对容器中的修改并生成新的镜像
docker commit CONTAINERID [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
REPOSITORY参数可以是新的镜像名字，也可以是旧的镜像名；如果和旧的镜像名和TAG都相同，会覆盖掉旧的镜像。
[root@dockermain-154 ~]# docker commit bd7cc4f4ac92 centos:httpd 1e0915f3247b86414ebc11fd994fc6abfb590ff3b1ab890949c845ee88b2d9f4 [root@dockermain-154 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos httpd 1e0915f3247b 9 seconds ago 320.8 MB centos latest dade6cb4530a 10 days ago 210.1 MB jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php latest f1a489312a4a 3 months ago 297.7 MB
(10)停止正在运行的容器
(11)查看容器或镜像详情
下面是我刚保存提交产生的新的容器
[root@dockermain-154 ~]# docker inspect 943e45b6e5f3
[{
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"Args": [],
"Config": {
"AttachStderr": true,
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"CpuShares": 0,
"Cpuset": "",
"Domainname": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"ExposedPorts": null,
"Hostname": "943e45b6e5f3",
"Image": "centos:httpd",
"MacAddress": "",
"Memory": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"NetworkDisabled": false,
"OnBuild": null,
"OpenStdin": true,
"PortSpecs": null,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Tty": true,
"User": "",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": ""
},
(12)删除容器
docker rm CONTAINERID
查看所有容器ID：docker ps -a -q
删除所有的容器：docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
(13)删除镜像
docker rmi IMAGE
(14)查看docker的信息，包括Containers和Images数目、kernel版本等
[root@dockermain-154 ~]# docker info Containers: 14 Images: 56 Storage Driver: aufs Root Dir: /var/lib/docker/aufs Dirs: 89 Execution Driver: native-0.2 Kernel Version: 3.10.5-3.el6.x86_64 Operating System: <unknown> CPUs: 1 Total Memory: 989.6 MiB Name: dockermain-154 ID: W4PW:W3XR:FQZE:SBAA:2DS2:BM6N:DV5B:ARF2:3SZM:XGST:5ZF7:DFZV WARNING: No swap limit support
(15)创建容器，并像平常ssh登录一样使用
[root@dockermain-154 ~]# docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash [root@7c0414d03fe7 /]# ls bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的部署维护docker环境的详细教程，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对网站的支持！
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